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The primary factor influencing the cost of a product is production costs, which encompass the expenses associated with manufacturing goods. This includes raw materials, labor, overheads, machinery, and technology required for the production process. High production costs often lead to a higher price for the end consumer, as businesses need to cover their expenses while also aiming for profitability.

While supply chain efficiency, market demand, and competition levels can affect the pricing strategy and potentially influence the final retail price of a product, they do not directly change the inherent production costs. For instance, even if market demand is high, if the production costs are elevated due to expensive materials or labor, the price is likely to reflect those costs. Thus, understanding production costs is essential for businesses when setting pricing strategies and managing profitability.